Gyroscope.



No. 877,034. PATENTBD JAN. 21, 190-. H. ANSGHUTZ-KAEMPFE. 1

' GYROSGO-PE.

APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 6. 1906.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

By his Attornex 110 877,034; \PATENTBD JAN. 21, 190m 1ANSGHfiTZ-KAEMPFE.

GYROSOOPE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 6. 1906.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Witne se s=. I I Inventor;

' fkimannAnsc/uifzlfaemfi/a; (p-

I HERMANN ANS OHIZTTZ-KAEMPFE, OF KIEL, GERMANY.

GYROSCOPE.

Specification of Letters Patent Application filed June s. 1906. SerialNo. 320.398.

- Patented Jan. 21, 1908.

To all whom it may concern: Y Be it known that I, HERMANN ANsorriiTz- IKAEMPFE, doctor of philosophy, a sub'ect of ment of the axis the Kingdomof Prussia, vented certain new and useful Im earth.

' any point of the the Empireof Germany, residing in. 'el, in

Germany, have inrovements in Gyroscopes, of which the fol owing is aspecification.

It is well known ent'rnovement of the axis of the gyroscope is, however,greater or smaller according to the latitude, that is tosay, on the polethe movement of the gyroscope will be the largest, that is to say, 36Qin 24 hours, and on the equator the smallest, that is to say, 0 per day,elatively to the movement of the The movement of the axis of thegyroscope in each latitude corresponds tothe sine of that latitude."

In order to obtain a gyroscope which could be used, for instance, fornavigating a ship at earth, that is to say, a gyroscope, the axis ofrotation of which would indicate direction essary to do away with theapparentmoveof rotation in accordance Withthe latitude, that is to say,to ive the axisof rotation such a movementt at the said axis shouldappearto be standing still at any point of the surface of the earth.

The present invention relates to' a yroscope in which acontrol"complying wit the above condition, is rendered possib e.

The invention also relates .to a device by means of which the positionof the axis ofroby way of exam tation'of the gyroscope can beautomatically.

corrected from'time to time, after it has be come inclinedto a certainextent.

A constructionof the invention is shown le in' the accompanyingdrawings; ofwhic Figure 1 1s a s1de elevation, Fig. 2 a front elevation,and Fig. 3 a plan of agyroscope arranged in such manner that theapparent vmovement of the axis of the gyroscope s neutralized inaccordancewith e latitude; and Figs. 4,5 and 5 are a general view anddetails of a device bygmeans of which the position of the axis ofrqtation' of the gyroscope can be automatically corrected from time totime.

The invention is based on the well known .fact that a-gyroscope movableabout three axes at ari ht angle to. each other and which is in 'equihrium, can be given any desired that an ordinaryrotating gyroscopestandsstill in space and thushasa motion relatively to the earth. Theapparpend also on the mass,

for steering a ship it is nechaving diVlSlOHS, I of-the weight to beread. The divisions of but have certain errors speed about the anydesired precession, by disturbing its equilibrium in horizontal positionby means of any desired force, for instance, by a pull, pressure,puttingon a weight, magneticattraction, etc.

' According to this invention a gyroscope is rendered suitable for thepurpose of navigating a ship or for similar purposes, by putting on ones1de of'the axis of rotation a weight (the action of which properlyselected as to vertical axis, that to say,

amount or position is suited to. the latitude in which it happens tobe), in such manner that the precession produced by the weight willalways correspond to the speed of rota tion of the earth'at the pointinquestion and will have the same direction, that is to say, there will beno relative movement between the, gyroscope and the surface of theearth. The required size of the weight, or its position relative to thepoint of suspension of the gyroscope which, apart fromthe latitude, de-

so on, of the gyroscope, ically or by calculation. I i In carryin outthe mvention it is preferred .to employ a device in which the positiononly but not the amount of the welght, has to be altered, This deviceisarran ed can befound empirinsuchmanner that a Wei ht which as beenfound, empirically or 'to besuitable for obtaining the desired pre-'oint of the surface of the y calculation,

cession at any one earth, is adjustab y arranged on the gyroscope, insuch manner that by moving it in one or in the other direction, theprecession produced corresponds to thespeed of rotation of the .earth atany latitude; More-' over, the gyroscope is provided with a scale whichenables the position speed of rotation, and

the scale. indicate. the various degrees of;

latitude, requiring thewarious'positions of theweight. As will-'bereadily understood, the weight on' the equator-must coincide with thepoint of suspension of the gyroscope, that is to say, 0, on the pole,however, it outermost position, that is to say, have the largestleverage- Such a'devicedoes not, however, act theoretically I chieflydue to friction taking placewhen th gyroscope, moves about its'variousaxes rotation, These consideration in calculation. The invention toexercise the influence must occupythe a perfect-way, inherent to it,

e ,110- errors may "be taken mto relates, however, to a device for theindications of the apparatus such errors.

For ex laining the device, let the influences of t e friction of the sindles be'considered in a fuller manner. I it werepossible to reduce thefriction of all the three s indles to zero, then, when adjusting theweight in accordance with the latitude, the axis'of the gyroscope wouldalways make the pre- I cession corresponding to the said latitude, thatis to say, the axis would always participate in the rotation of theearth and thus rendering free from appear to be standing still. It is,however,

'fi' ings illustrate a gyroscope according to this 'the gyroscope wouldproduce the same I m the new balance mechanically im ossible so to susend a yroscope as to iave no friction. small orce component, due to thefriction, will therefore always act in opposition to the force actin ona. point outside the center of gravity an having the tendency to ive thegyroscope the precession, the sai small orce due to friction having thetendency toput the gyroscope into its new center-ofgravity position, atthe expense of the precession movement. After a certain time, thereforefind a new center-of gravity position and then would no .longerparticipate in the movement of the earth, since it no lon er has anyrecession, and therefore would be unsuita le for the purpose of naviation.

In order to avoid the difliculty in question, the weight is arranged insuch manner that the axis of the gyroscope, during the slow non-periodicswinging back into its 'suitable for navigation purposes.

center-of-gravity-position, receives an increased ressure in accordancewith its change 0 position, in such manner that the l movement ofprecession always remains the same, and the axis of the gyroscoperemains in position of relative rest. The weight is therefore made insuch way that, according to the extent of the turning of the gyroscopeabout its horizontal axis, which is the balanced position, it moves awayfrom the center of rotation of the balance to such an extent that thepull always remains the same, and therefore the precession movementalsoremains always the same. This result is obtained, for instance, barranging the weight in question in the s a e of a quantity of liquid,of a ball inclose in a slightly bent pipe, and the like. At the leastincllnation of the balance axis of the gyroscope, the weight will swingor flow or roll furthem outwards, and the pull on the axis Wlll beincreased in accordance withflthe greater leverage, so that the said ullwill osition of t e appara tus. The weight of't e liquid as well as thelength, and curvature of the pipe, can be easily determined empirically.

Figs. 1 to 3 of'the accompanying drawrecession im u e even invention.The fly wheel a of the gyroscope that it can move about three axes atright angles to each other. To that end, the spindle b about whichthe'fly wheel rotates, is supported by means of screws 0 in a framewhich, in its turn, can rotate about the bearing screws e. These latterare secured to the frame j which is rotatable about the vertical spindleg. The frame (2 is provided with a laterally projecting screw bolt h onwhich travels a nut '11 acting as a weight. The nut 01 is provided witha division into degrees, and adjacent thereto is arranged a scaleksecured to the frame d. The scale and the divisions make it possible toset the nut in an exact position, in accordance with definiteindications, given either in a corresponding table or marked on thescale and on t e divisions themselves. By setting the nut in differentpositions, precession suited to various latitudes is produced. In orderto allow for the frictional resistances the frame d is. rovided, inaddition to the adjustable weig t, with a pipe Z slightly bent upwards,in which weight balls m are free to roll. When the elevation spindlebecomes inclined, the balls in question roll slightly outwards, theleverage of the weight thus being increased, so that the precessionremains the same in the new balanced position.

4 Such a gyroscope would theoretically participate exactly in allmovements of the earth in any latitude and therefore would be In.practice, however, after a certain time which may be longer or shorter,in accordance with the kinetic momentum of the gyroscope, it wouldbecomeinclined to such an extent that its axis of balance would becomeper endicular to the horizontal, and then its stabi ity would disappearand it would become useless. Its use would, therefore, be limited to acertain period of time, longer or shorter according to circumstances. Inorder to neutralize this time limit of utility, the device illustratedin Figs. 4-6 is used. As already stated, it is based on the fact thatthe position of the axis of rotation is periodically corrected.

For making the correction, it 'is preferable to choose the moment atwhich the axis of rotation has moved out of its osition toa given smallextent which, in itse f, does not constitute a perceptible source oferrors. Periodical correction of the position of the axis is effected inaccordance with this invention on the basis of the well known g oscopelaws, by closing the circuit of an e ectromagnetic driving device assoon as the axis of rotation has moved out of its original position to agiven extent, (say for example 5). As soon as the circuit is closed, thedi'fvingdevice in question exercises a torque on the axis which isperpendicular both to the axis of rotat on and to the axis about whichthe inclination rotatably mounted aboutthe axis or spindle has takenplace.

physical laws of the gyroscope, owing to this torque and to a reaction,a movement of the axis of rotation is brought about. In Figs.

this portion of the invention of which, Fig. 4

illustrates a complete apparatus, Figs. and 6 being detail views ofthe-apparatus by means of which the torque is exerted on the verticalaxis. This apparatus is shown in Fig. 5' in side elevation, and in Fig.6 in front elevation that 1s to say in the same view as in'Fig. 4,

but in the position, in which it is immediately" after it hasbeenoperated.

The fly wheel or disk '1 of the gyroscope is 2 and by means of'thelatter in a frame 3,

,Frame 3 rests by means of two knife edges 4,

which can oscillate about an'axis perpendicular to the plane of thepaper, on a frame 5 whichis secured to a vertical rotatable spindle 6.The spindle 6 is rotatably suspended by means of ball bearings 7, in acasing 8 and carries at its upper end (as the construction underconsideration is a gyroscope intended to supplement or to replace shipscompasses)- a dial 9. Y

To the frame 3 are secured two arms 10 and 1.1. If the spindle-2 of thefly wheel or disk assumes an lnclined position relatively to its normalposition, which in the present example is assumed to be horizontal, but,as is wel known, may be in any desired plane, according to theconstruction of the gyro- 10 and 11 will participate in scope, the armsthe said inclination. In other words the axis of rotation 2 with the flywheel or disk 1,

the frame3 and the arms 1.0 and 11 form a double-armed lever which isrotatable about the knife edges 4. The problem is as soon as the saidlever has moved to a'certain given extent, for instance 5, out of itsnormal, (in

' 1 this case its horizontal) position, to apply a force whichwill againbring the lever into its normal posltlon 1n the manner hereinbefore,described. T 0 this end the arms 10 and 11,

which are assumed to be made of metal, are provided with two contactpins 12 and 13, which dip into a mercury 'cup 14 or 15, as soon as t eframe 3 has inclined to an extent previously determined. In this way,ac;- cording as the inclination takes place in one or in the otherdirection, a circuit is closed either between the contact pin 12 and themercury cup 14, or between the contact pin 13 and the mercury cup 15,and then, as

be hereinafter'described, an action 1s produced, by means'of which thesystem of levers 3,

10, 11, that is to say, the axis of rotation 2,

is righted. This action, as already stated, is brought about in suchmanner that a torque lsexerted on the vertical spindle 6. To that end aratchet wheel 1 61s mounted on fthe'saidspindle; The electro magnetdevice As is well knownfrom 22 which constitutes an been explained. I

which (affects the correction, is providedwith when the correction is tobe made, the said pawl is brought intoengagement with the .4, 5 and 6 ofthe accompanying drawings, illustrated a device or apparatus embodyingratchet wheel 16 and then tries to turn the said'wheel in one of thetwodirections. In this way, a torque is exercised on the spindle 6which, in accordance with the well known gyra'tion laws, results in theelevation of the axis 2 of rotation, or of the frame 3 about theaxisrepresented by the knives 4. The relative position of the ratchetwheel 16 and of its pawl 17 in their position of rest will be clearlyseen in Fig. 5. Fig. 6 shows the pawl in engagement with the ratchetwheel, in the position in which the two parts are placed when theratchet wheel is to be advancedto the extent of one'tooth.

The pawl 17 is rot y means of a spindle 18 on-a slide block 19 which'isvertically adjustable in guides 20 of a frame 21. Thepawl withaccessories is .supported in the casing 8 by means of the frame 21.

To the slide block 19 is secured an iron bar armature for theelectromagnets 23 and 24. hen these electromagnets are excited andattract the tablv mounted I .a pawl 17 arranged. in such manner that,

armature 22, the latter is raised, and with it v the slide block 19 israised in its guides, and the pawl 17 is brought into engagement withthe teeth of the ratchet wheel 16;

The bottom end of the pawl with an armature 25 for the electromagnets 26and 27. When the latter are excited a pull is exercised on the armature25 in one or in theother direction, owing to which the pawl 17 exerciseson the ratchet wheel 16, in one orfin the other direction, the turningmovement that was to he produced, as has The working of the device is asfollows:'-

'When the axis of rotation of the system of levers 3, 10, 11, descends,for instance on the lefthand Side, to 'a certainextent, the conof themercury circuit leading from the positive pole of the battery 28,through the conductor 29, to an 'electromagnet coil 30, the object ofwhich will be hereinafter described, from the latter to the core 31carrying the mercury cup,

1.7 is providedv loo 1 l. C ,tact pin 12 comes in contact with thesurface in the cu'p'14, and closes a thence through the contact pin 12,arm-10, V

conductor 32 and conductor 33 to the electromagnet 24, then through theconductor :34 to the electromagnet 23, and through the conductor 35'back to the battery 28.' this way the electromagnet-s 23 and 24 areexcited, the armature 22 attracted, the slide 1 block 19 raised and thepawl 17 brought into engagement with the. teeth of the ratchet wheel 16.If the axis of rotation 2 inclines towards the right and thus a contacttakes place between 13 and 15 instead of 12 and 14, the circuit not ofthe battery 28, but of the armature 25, such .12, the end 52 of the core43 facing t another battery 45 will be.closed. Thislatter circuit goesfrom the ositive pole of the battery through the con uctor 46, coils 47,core 48, mercury cup 15,-contact pins 13, arm 11, conductor, 49,conductor 35, electromagnet 24 and conductor 33 to the negative pole ofthe battery 45. It must be pointed out that in that case theelectromagnets 23 and 24 have the current passing through them in theopposite directionto that flowing when the circuit is closed between 12and 14. The polarity of the said electromagnet will, therefore, be an oposite one'to that of the preceding case. he-cores of the electromagnetsas well as the armature 22, are made,

however, of soft iron, so that the armature.

ilvlll always be attracted, whatever he the poarit The slide block 19carries a contact 36, which, as soon as the slide block is raised,touches a contact 37, and thus closes the circuit of a battery 38 inwhich circuit are placed the windings of the magnets 26and 27, the saidcircuit going-from the positive pole of the battery through theconductor 39 to the electromagnet'26, through the conductor 40 to theelectromagnet 27 through the conductor 41 to the contact 37 and from thelatter through the contact 36 and slide block 19 to the conductor 42,which is connected to the negative pole of the battery 38.

The arrangement must be such, that by the action of the electromagnets26 and 27 on a torque should be exercised on the wheel 16, that is onthespindle 6, that the reaction movement roduced by it should correct theposition of the axis of rotation 2, that is to say, shouldcause it tomove to the right, when the circuit is closed on the left hand side, andvice versa. In the construction above described, this is effected in thefollowing manner :The electromagnet coils 23 and 26 are mounted on acommon core 43, and the electroma et coils 24 and 27 on a common core44, 0th cores being made of soft iron. The windin s 26 and 27 arearranged in such. manner, t at the two ends 50 and 51 (Fig. 6) of thecores 43 or 44 respectively facing the armature 25, receive the samepolarity, and the said poles will always be the same, and according tothe circumstances either N or S poles, independently of the apparatusbeing rendered operative by the closing of the circuit at the contactpin 12 or at the contact pin 13. 'The electromagnets 23 and 24 are, onthe contrary, wound in such manner, that, for instance, when the currentis closed b the pin he armature 20 is given a polarity N, and the end 53of the core44 facing the armature 20, is given a polarity S.

It will be seen from the above, that the polarity of the poles 50, 51,produced by the windings 26 and 27, is increased at one pole by thesimultaneous exciting of. the cores 43, 44 by the coils 23 and 24, andweakened at the other, so that the armature 25 is always moved to one orto theother side, according as the circuits have been closed at the pin12 or at the pin 13.

' The working of the apparatus will now be readily understood, let it beassumed that when the coils 26 and 27 are excited, the oles 50, 51always obtain N magnetism. et it be further assumed that when the axisof rotation is inclined towards the left (Fig. 4) so that the pin 12dips into the mercury cup 14, the ratchet wheel 16 or the spindle 6 hasto be turned towards the left, in order to obtain the desired elevation.The windin of the coils.23 and 24 must then be arrange in such manner,that they should excite N magnetism at the ole 52 and S-magnetism at thepole 53. hen the N'magnetism of the ole '50, produced by the coil 26,will be weal iened by the S magnetism influenced by the N pole 52 of thecore 43, but the N pole 51, excited by the coil 27 will be strengthenedby the magnetism at the S pole 53, and therefore the armature will beattracted by the pole 51, and thus the crown wheel 16 will be iven thedesired rotation towards the left %Fig. 6). When the circuit pin 13,instead of the pin12, the opposite process takes place.

It remains now to explain the object of the coils 30 and 47 whichsurround the cores 31 and 48 carryin the mercury on s 13 and 14.

The action 0% the device must e such, that when the axis of rotation islowered to a certain extent, the reaction should start at once andcontinue until the axis of rotation has a ain been brought into itsoriginal position.

p to that moment the pull on the electromagnet armature 25 must act inone of the two directions. The problem is, accordingly to close thecircuit of the electromagnets 23, 24 at that moment, in which the axisof rotation has been lowered to a certain extent, and to keep the saidcircuit closed until the axis of rotation has been moved back again toexactly the same extent. To that end, the mercury cups 14 and 15 are notfixed, but are mounted on the electromagnet cores 31 and 48, which areraised when the corresponding -coils 30 and 47 are excited, and remainin the raised position as long as there is any current in the coils. Theraising of the cores takes place to exactly the same amount, to whichthe pins 12 and 13 must have been lowered before the correcting movementwas started.

. The coils 30 and clrcuit of the electromagnets 23 or 24. If,therefore, one ofthese circuits, owing to the is closed by the 47 areinserted into the contact pin 12 or contact 13 coming in contact withthe surface 0 themercury, is

closed, then, apart from the just described 1n driving deaction oftheelectromagnQt on the vertical vice for producing a torque spindle 6,the coil 30 or 47 be extent, that. the. contact pin will dip into themercury to the same extent to which it had formerly been lowered, inorder to reach the surface of the mercury and thus to close the contactI circuit.

When the reaction movement begins and therefore the contact pin 12 or 13begins to rise, it remains at first in contact with the mercury,-so thatthe circuit is maintained closed, and the reaction continues until thein is moved to the same extent to which it had before been lowered. Notuntil the moment at which thereturn movement of the axis of rotation hasthus been completed, will the circuit be interrupted, so that thereaction ceases, and the. axis of rotationremains in position.

It is evident that the electromagnetic-driving device with the pawl17'might be modi-' fied in various ways ,'*-.and also the switching bymeans of which the'electromagnets are excited, could bearranged ifdesired in different ways. The arrangement of the circuit closing devicewith the coils and 47 and the ;movable cores carrying mercury cups,

l could also be modified in various ways.

- torque tending to turn the said w eel upon trolled by said wheel WhatI claim as my invention, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

\ -1. In a device for maintaining the axis of rotation ofa gyroscope atits normal osition, the combination with a gyroscope-w eel and means forsupporting this upon its axis of rotation and upon two-axes transversethereto and to each other, of means for a plying a one of the said twoaxes, and meansconin its turning on said axis for applying a tor uetending to turn the wheel on the'other 0 said two axes. 2. In a devicefor maintaining the axis of rotation of a gyrosco e at its normalosition, the combination with a gyroscope-w eel and means for supportingthis upon its axis of ro tati'on and upon two axes transverse theretoand-"to each other substantially horizontal and vertical respectivel ofmeans for a plying a torque to said w eel upon one o the said two axes,and means controlled by said wheel in its movement about axis from itsnormal I plying a torque ten ing to turn it upon its vertical axisfromits normal plane of rota its horizontal tion for returning it toiitsnormal plane of rotation by turning on its horizontal axis.

3. Ina gyroscope, thecombination with a gyroscope-wheel and" a spindletherefor, of means for supporting the spindle and permitting saidspindle and wheelto turn about a horizontal and about a vertical axis,both of said axes being transverse to the axis of rotation of the wheelon its spindle, means for ex- 5 about its horizontal ax1s,

turn said wheel erting a torque tending to and means renlane of rotationfor'ap deredeffective by the turning ofthe wheel upon itshorizontala'xis for exerting a torque tending to turn the wheel aboutits vertical axis for turning said wheel about its horizontal axis andreturning the same to its normal plane of rotation. 7

4. In a gyroscope, the combination with a gyroscope-wheel, of means forsupporting the same and permitting the wheel to turn about a horizontalandabout a vertical axis, each of said axes being transverse to the axisof rotation of the wheel, means for exerting a torque tending to turnsaid wheel on said horizontal ax1s, and means rendered efie'ctive by theturning of the wheel on its horizontal axis for exerting a torquetending to turn the wheel on its vertical axis for turning said wheel onits horizontal axis and returning the same to its normal plane ofrotation and thereby rendering the said vertical turning meansin'effective.

5. In a gyroscope, gyrosco e-wheel and a spindle therefor, means mittingsaid spindle and wheel to turn about a horizontal and about a verticalaxis, each of said axes being transverse to the axis of rotation of thewheel on its spindle, adjustable means for exerting a torque tending toturn said wheel about its horizontal axis, electromagnetic means forexerting a torque tending to turn the wheel about its vertical axis forturning said wheel about its horizontal axis and returning the samerotation, circuit closers controlled by the wheel in turning onitshorizontal axis; and means for maintaining the circuit closed untilthe'combination with a of such return of the wheel toits normal plane ofrotation.

6. In a gyroscope,

same and permitting the wheel to turn about a horizontal and about avertical axis, both of said axes being transverse tothe axis of rotationof the wheel, an adjustable Weight for exerting a torque tending to turnsaid wheel on said horizontal axis, a weight and the combination withagyroscope-wheel, of means for supporting the to its normal plane-ofmeans for supporting and guiding the same for automatically maintainingsaid torque u on said wheel responsive to the influence 0? the weight,and means rendered efiective by the turning of the wheel on its horizontal axis for exerting a torque tending to turn the wheel on itsvertical axis for turning said wheel on its horizontal axis andreturning the same to its normal plane of rotation. 7. In a gyroscope,the comb nation with a gyroscope-wheel of means for supporting the sameand; permitting the wheel to turn about a horizontal and about avertical axis, each ofsaid axes being transverse to the axis of rota--tionof the wheel, adjustable means for continuously exerting atorquetending to turn said wheel on said horizontal axis, and means. renderedeffective by the actual tu'rningof electro magnets cooperative the wheelon its horizontal axis out of its normal plane of rotation for exertinga torque tending to return the Wheel to its normal plane of rotation.

a gyroscope, the combination with a gyroscope-wheel and a spindletherefor, of means for supporting the spindle and permitting the sameand the wheel to turn about a horizontal and about a vertical axis, eachof which axes being transverse to the axis of the rotation of thewheel-upon its spindle, adjustable means a torque tending to turn thewheel upon said horizontal'axis, electro magnetic means for exerting'atorque tending to turn the wheel about its vertical axis for turning thewheel about its horizontal axis and returning the same to its normalplane of rotation, a contact carried by each of the respective sides ofsaid supporting means, cooperative circuit closing contacts, and meansfor advancing the latter toward the contact carried by the supportingmeans upon the closing of the circuit.

9. In a gyroscope, the combination with a gyroscope-wheel and a spindletherefor; of a frame carrying said spindle; a vertically disposed shaft,means for connecting the shaft to the frame and permitting movement-ofthe wheel upon a horizontal axis transverse to its axis of rotation, anadjustable weight carried by one side of said frame, an upwardly curvedtube carried by said side of the frame, ball weights in said tube, aratchet wheel carried by said shaft, a pawl for engaging the same, aslide in the nature of an armature carrying said pawl and adapted tohold the same in an inoperative osition,

for raising said siide and into its operative position, each of therespective sides contacts carried by said arms, circuit closer contactseach comprising a mercury cup in the form of a solenoid core, electromagnets for rocking said pawl, a solenoid having said circuit closer cupas a core, a source of electrical bringing the pawl an arm carried by ofsaid frame,

for continuously exerting the same and permittin the energy in circuitwith solenoid, said core, said slide actuating magnets and said arm, apair of contacts, one of which is carried by said slide, and a source ofelectrical energy in circuit with said contacts and with the pawlrocking ma nets.

10. In agyroscope, the-com ination with a gyroscope-wheel, of means forsupporting the same and permittin the wheel to turn about a horizontaland a out a vertical axis, each of said axes being transverse to theaxis of rotation of the wheel, and means rendered eflective by theturning of the wheel on its horizontal axis for exerting a torquetending to turn the wheel on its vertical axis for turning said wheel onits horizontal axis and returning the same to its normal plane ofrotation.

11. In a gyroscope, the combination with a gyroscope-wheel, of means forsupporting the same and permittin the wheel to turn' about a horizontaland a out a vertical axis, both of said axes being transverse to theaxis of rotation of the wheel, an adjustable weight for exerting atorque tending to turn said wheel on said horizontal axis, and a weightand means for supporting and guiding the same for automaticallymaintaining said torque upon said wheel responsive to the influence ofthe weight.

12. In a gyroscope, the combination with a gyroscope-wheel, of means forsupporting wheel to turn about a horizontal and a out a vertical axis,both of said axesbeing transverse to the axis of rotation of the wheel,an adjustable weight carried at one side of said wheel, an u wardlycurved tube carried at said side of t 1e wheel and ball weights in saidtube. In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name this 21st day ofMay, 1906, in the presence of two subscribing'witnesses.

HERMANN ANSCHllTZ-KAEMPFE.

Witnesses:

FRIEDRICH VON SoHIRAoH, JULIUS Rorxn.

the windings of said til

